Pacemaker

Description

A 3D model of an implanted cardiac pacemaker showing the pulse generator in the subcutaneous pocket below the clavicle and the transvenous leads positioned in the right atrium and right ventricle. The lead tips are anchored at the atrial appendage and the right ventricular apex. A cardiac pacemaker delivers electrical impulses to the heart when the intrinsic conduction system fails to maintain an adequate rate. Single-chamber pacemakers pace the ventricle alone, while dual-chamber devices pace both the atrium and ventricle to preserve atrioventricular synchrony. The pulse generator contains the battery and circuitry, and the leads transmit both the pacing impulse and the sensed cardiac signals. Pacemaker anatomy and lead positioning is core teaching material in cardiology and cardiac electrophysiology. Medical advisory board reviewed. Clean geometry for rendering, real-time engines, and 3D printing.