Pararenal abdominal aortic aneurysm

Description

A 3D model of a pararenal abdominal aortic aneurysm, showing the aneurysmal segment involving the aorta at the level of the renal arteries with the renal ostia incorporated into the aneurysm wall. The superior mesenteric artery origin may also be involved. Pararenal AAAs encompass the renal artery origins within the diseased segment, making standard infrarenal clamping or EVAR insufficient. Repair typically requires suprarenal or supraceliac clamping for open surgery, or fenestrated or branched endovascular devices that accommodate the visceral arteries. The higher clamp position increases renal ischemia time and perioperative complication risk. Pararenal AAA classification is critical for preoperative planning in vascular surgery education. Medical advisory board reviewed. Ready for rendering, real-time engines, and 3D printing.