Rectum Section Hemorrhoid Stage IV

Description

A cross section of the anal canal showing stage IV (grade IV) hemorrhoids. The cushions are permanently prolapsed and cannot be reduced, even manually. The tissue remains outside the anal canal continuously, often with associated skin tags, fibrosis, and a mixed internal-external component. Grade IV hemorrhoids are the most advanced stage and typically require surgical hemorrhoidectomy. Chronic prolapse can lead to incarceration, thrombosis, and strangulation. The permanently exposed tissue causes persistent symptoms including discharge, irritation, and discomfort. The model supports surgical education and patient communication about advanced hemorrhoid management. Reviewed by a medical advisory board. Clean geometry for rendering, real-time, and 3D printing.