Anatomical Structure And Location Of The Metatarsal Base

Description

Metatarsal bases occupy the proximal ends of the five metatarsal bones at the midfoot-forefoot junction, forming the distal component of the tarsometatarsal (Lisfranc) joint complex. Medially, the first metatarsal base sits proximal to the shaft and articulates with the medial cuneiform, while the second metatarsal base is recessed proximally between the medial and lateral cuneiforms, creating a mortise-like relationship that stabilizes the central column. Laterally, the third and fourth metatarsal bases align with the lateral cuneiform and cuboid, and the fifth metatarsal base expands into a prominent tuberosity on its proximolateral aspect, just proximal to the metatarsal shaft and lateral to the fourth metatarsal base. Intermetatarsal facets are evident between adjacent bases, most distinct among the lateral rays. Tarsometatarsal anatomy matters because subtle disruptions at the bases can destabilize the entire arch, even when the metatarsal shafts appear intact. Lisfranc fracture-dislocations often involve the second metatarsal base and its ligamentous attachments, a pattern that drives surgical decision-making for open reduction and internal fixation or primary arthrodesis. The fifth metatarsal base also anchors the peroneus brevis tendon and the lateral band of the plantar aponeurosis, so avulsion fractures at the tuberosity and proximal metaphyseal fractures (often discussed alongside Jones-type injuries) carry different healing expectations and weight-bearing plans. Small surfaces. Big consequences. Use this illustration for lower-limb osteology teaching in gross anatomy, for orthopedic and podiatry lectures on the Lisfranc joint, or as a reference image in publications discussing proximal fifth metatarsal fractures, midfoot sprains, and tarsometatarsal arthrodesis planning. Anatomical accuracy verified by SciePro's Medical Advisory Board.