Human Spleen's Structure And Surfaces

Description

Spleen anatomy is centered on its facies visceralis, where organ impressions and the splenic hilum define surgical orientation. The gastric surface lies anteromedially, concave toward the fundus and greater curvature of the stomach, while the colic surface sits inferolaterally, molded by the splenic flexure of the colon. Between these impressions, the hilum forms a longitudinal cleft on the medial aspect, bordered by peritoneal reflections that continue into the gastrosplenic and splenorenal ligaments. Vascular entry is the focus. Clinically, the spatial relationship of the hilum to the stomach and colon matters during splenectomy and during left upper quadrant trauma workups, when capsular laceration or hilar avulsion can drive rapid hemorrhage. By presenting the visceral surface directly, the illustration clarifies where the splenic artery and vein converge and how close the pancreatic tail can lie to the medial border near the hilum, a common hazard during hilar ligation. The gastric and colic impressions also reinforce why splenomegaly can alter adjacent bowel position and why adhesions in this region complicate reoperative surgery. Use this illustration in gross anatomy and abdominal surgery teaching to anchor discussions of peritoneal attachments, the splenic hilum, and relationships relevant to laparoscopic port placement and safe mobilization of the splenic flexure. It also suits atlases and journal figures covering splenic trauma grading, splenic vessel control, and iatrogenic pancreatic injury risk at the hilum. Anatomical accuracy verified by SciePro's Medical Advisory Board.