Xiphoid Process On The Human Sternum, Anterior View

Description

Xiphoid process anchors the inferior end of the sternum in this anterior thoracic view, continuous superiorly with the body of the sternum at the xiphisternal junction. The sternal body extends cranially toward the manubrium, establishing the midline bony column of the anterior chest wall. Along the lateral margins, the costal notches for the lower costal cartilages lie adjacent to the distal sternum, framing the xiphoid as a small, variably shaped projection that points inferiorly in anatomical position. Midline anatomy, no distraction. Clinically, the xiphoid is a surface landmark for the inferior limit of the sternal body and for the infrasternal angle, and it becomes a practical reference in chest compressions where hand placement must stay on the lower half of the sternal body to avoid xiphoid fracture and associated liver laceration. Localized tenderness over the xiphoid, often labeled xiphodynia, can mimic cardiac or epigastric pathology and is frequently triggered by trauma, heavy lifting, or postoperative irritation from retractors. The fixed frontal perspective clarifies how little bone separates the xiphoid from the upper abdomen, a relationship that matters when planning subxiphoid incisions, pericardial access, or trocar placement near the linea alba. Use this illustration in gross anatomy teaching of the thoracic skeleton, in CPR and basic life support materials that define safe compression landmarks, and in surgical education discussing subxiphoid and epigastric approaches where the xiphisternal junction guides incision placement. Anatomical accuracy verified by SciePro's Medical Advisory Board.