Ovarian Cyst

Description

Oriented in lateral profile, the ovary sits in the adnexa with its cortical rim and central medulla distinguished, and a rounded, fluid-filled ovarian cyst expands the ovarian contour. Superior and lateral to the uterine fundus, the fimbriae and ampulla of the uterine tube arc toward the ovarian surface, while the utero-ovarian ligament anchors the inferior pole medially to the uterus. Along the superolateral margin, the suspensory ligament (infundibulopelvic ligament) conveys the ovarian artery and vein toward the hilum, a relationship that frames the cyst against the vascular pedicle. Follicles in varying stages may be suggested in the surrounding cortex. Clear adnexal anatomy. Clinically, this configuration maps directly to how cysts are assessed on pelvic ultrasound and during laparoscopy: size, wall characteristics, and proximity to the ovarian hilum guide risk stratification and operative planning. A functional cyst (follicular or corpus luteum) typically arises from the cortex, while torsion risk increases when a larger cyst displaces the ovary and lengthens the adnexal pedicle, compromising venous outflow before arterial inflow. Rupture and hemoperitoneum are common concerns with corpus luteum cysts, and the depiction helps learners understand why pain can localize to one side yet radiate with peritoneal irritation. Use this medical illustration in OB-GYN teaching on adnexal masses, ovarian physiology, and differential diagnosis of acute pelvic pain in adult women, or in patient-facing materials explaining what an ovarian cyst is and where it forms. It also supports journal figures and slide decks contrasting benign functional cysts with endometriomas or neoplasms by emphasizing ovarian landmarks and attachments. Anatomical accuracy verified by SciePro's Medical Advisory Board.